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1.
Rev. Rede cuid. saúde ; 17(1): 50-62, 15/07/2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1517977

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia preventiva e terapêutica do tetrafluoreto de titânio (TiF4) em ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECR) e não randomizados (N-ECR). Materiais e Métodos: estudos sobre a eficácia do tetrafluoreto de titânio em esmalte e dentina, testado em diferentes veículos e formulações, foram obtidos nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS/BBO e EMBASE, sem limite de ano de publicação ou idioma. Resultados: seis estudos com abordagem preventiva e terapêutica do TiF4 sobre a superfície dentária foram incluídos. Destes, três ECR e três N-ECR. Por meio da tabulação e categorização dos artigos, notou-se que o TiF4 obteve efeito positivo na prevenção da cárie em três estudos; efeito nulo no tratamento de lesões cariosas em dois; e apenas um estudo apresentou efeito negativo no tratamento da erosão quando comparado aos outros compostos fluoretados. Conclusão: Embora haja estudos na literatura, com distintos delineamentos metodológicos comprovando a eficácia do TiF4, tanto na prevenção quanto no tratamento de lesões de cárie e erosivas, ainda é necessário que mais ensaios clínicos randomizados sejam realizados, com o intuito de validar a eficácia da utilização clínica deste composto fluoretado.


Objective: to analyze the preventive and therapeutic efficacy of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) in studies with a methodological design based on randomized clinical trials (RCT) and non-randomized (N-RCT). Materials and Methods: data on the behavior of titanium tetrafluoride in enamel and dentin, tested in several vehicles and formulations, were extracted in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS/BBO and EMBASE, without limitation of publication year or language. Results: six studies were obtained with preventive and therapeutic approach of TiF4 on the dental surface. Three studies were RCT and three were N-RCT. Through tabulation and categorization of articles, it was noticed that TiF4 showed a positive effect in caries prevention in three studies; a null effect in caries treatment was observed in two; and only one study had a negative effect in erosion treatment when compared to the other fluoridated compounds. Conclusion: Although there are several studies in the literature, with different methodological designs, proving the efficacy of TiF4 both in prevention and in therapeutic treatments of caries and dental erosion, it is still necessary that more clinical controlled studies be conducted, in order to validate the clinical use efficacy of this fluoride compound.

2.
Medwave ; 20(6): e7974, 31-07-2020.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1119714

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La caries dental es la enfermedad bucal más prevalente en Ecuador. En nuestro país no existen estudios que hayan considerado a la población de las Islas Galápagos. La aplicación de flúor sobre lesiones incipientes de caries dental ha demostrado efectividad para evitar ejecutar procedimientos invasivos restauradores. OBJETIVOS: El objetivo del Estudio de Salud Oral Galápagos, EESO-Gal, es determinar la prevalencia e incidencia de caries dental y evaluar el efecto de la acción del cepillado dental supervisado, acompañado de aplicaciones periódicas de flúor en barniz sobre lesiones cariosas incipientes en escolares de las Islas Galápagos. Con este informe se busca reportar el protocolo del Estudio de Salud Oral Galápagos. MÉTODOS: Se plantea realizar una cohorte con los escolares de las Islas Galápagos para determinar la prevalencia e incidencia de caries con evaluaciones cada seis meses durante veinticuatro meses. RESULTADOS: Se espera determinar la prevalencia e incidencia de caries cada seis meses durante veinticuatro meses en escolares de tres a diez años y obtener datos que permitan evidenciar el estado de las condiciones de caries en los escolares de Galápagos con la inclusión del cepillado diario en la escuela, supervisado por el docente, y con la aplicación semestral del barniz de flúor. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de caries dental e incidencia después de las acciones tomadas demostrará la importancia de aplicar acciones de prevención y promoción de la salud oral, para crear hábitos de higiene y salud desde edades tempranas.


INTRODUCTION: Dental caries is the most prevalent oral disease in Ecuador. In our country, there are no studies that have included the population of the Galapagos Islands. Fluoride application to incipient lesions of dental caries has shown to be effective in avoiding the use of invasive restorative procedures. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the EESO-Gal study is to determine the prevalence and incidence of dental caries and to evaluate the effect of supervised dental brushing, accompanied by periodic applications of fluoride varnish on incipient precarious lesions of schoolchildren in the Galapagos Islands. This article presents the protocol of the EESO-Gal study. METHODS: A cohort is planned with Galapagos Islands schoolchildren to determine the prevalence and incidence of dental caries, with assessments every six months, during twenty-four months. RESULTS: We expect to determine the prevalence and incidence of caries every six months, for twenty-four months, in schoolchildren between three and ten years of age, and obtain data to show the state of the caries conditions in Galapagos schoolchildren, with the inclusion of daily brushing at school, supervised by the teacher, and with the application of fluoride varnish every six months. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of dental caries and incidence after the program will demonstrate the importance of implementing oral health prevention and promotion actions to create hygiene and health habits from an early age.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Oral Hygiene , Toothbrushing/methods , Fluorides, Topical/administration & dosage , Dental Caries/epidemiology , School Health Services , Cariostatic Agents/administration & dosage , Oral Health , Incidence , Prevalence , Cohort Studies , Ecuador/epidemiology
3.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2017. 104 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-911434

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo avaliou o efeito de vernizes fluoretados contendo nanopartículas de trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) sobre a remineralização de lesões de cárie e erosão de esmalte dental in vitro. Assim como o padrão de liberação de F e TMP a partir destas formulações. Os vernizes testados foram: Placebo (sem flúor ou TMP, controle negativo), 2,5% NaF, 5% NaF (controle positivo), 5% NaF + 5% TMP microparticulado, 5% NaF + 2,5% TMP nanoparticulado, 5% NaF + 5% TMP nanoparticulado, além de uma formulação comercial (Duraphat), doravante denominados PLA, 2.5%F, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2,5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano e Duraphat, respectivamente. Na 1ª fase, lesões de cárie artificiais foram induzidas em blocos de esmalte bovino (n=168), os quais foram selecionados por dureza de superfície (DS). Os blocos receberam uma aplicação dos vernizes supracitados, permanecendo em contato durante 6 h. Metade dos blocos (n=12/grupo) foi utilizada para determinação da concentração de CaF2 e FA formado após o tratamento com os vernizes. A outra metade foi submetida um modelo de ciclagem de pH (6 dias). Os blocos foram analisados quanto a porcentagem de recuperação de dureza de superfície (%RDS), dureza em secção longitudinal (ΔKHN), CaF2 e FA retidos após a ciclagem de pH. Os vernizes contendo TMP promoveram %RDS significativamente maior em comparação ao verniz contendo 5%F, sem diferenças significativas entre os vernizes com TMP. Um padrão semelhante foi observado para ΔKHN, embora os valores obtidos para 5%F+5%TMPnano tenham sido 25% menores que os obtidos para 5%F+5%TMPmicro. As maiores concentrações de CaF2 foram promovidas pelos vernizes 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro e Duraphat. A 2ª fase avaliou o efeito protetor dos vernizes PLA, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2,5%TMPnano e 5%F+5%TMPnano sobre a erosão de esmalte bovino. Os espécimes (n=8), selecionados por DS, receberam uma única aplicação dos vernizes, permanecendo em contato durante 6 h. Em seguida, os vernizes foram removidos e os blocos, submetidos a quatro desafios erosivos individuais (1 minuto, ácido cítrico, 0,75%, pH = 3,5, sob agitação), sendo analisados por DS após cada desafio. Em geral, observou-se a maior porcentagem de alteração de DS para PLA, seguido de 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro e ambos os vernizes contendo TMPnano, sem diferenças significativas entre 5%F+2,5%TMPnano e 5%F+5%TMPnano. Por fim, a 3ª fase avaliou o padrão de liberação de flúor e fosfato dos vernizes PLA, 2.5%F, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2,5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano e Duraphat ao longo de 24 h, em um modelo de ciclagem de pH. Os vernizes foram aplicados em tiras de poliéster (n=8/grupo), as quais foram alternadamente imersas em soluções remineralizadora e desmineralizadora aos 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 540, 600, 720, 780, 960, 1200 e 1440 min após a primeira imersão. As soluções foram analisadas quanto às concentrações de flúor e fosfato. Os vernizes contendo TMP apresentaram um padrão crescente exponencial quanto a liberação cumulativa de flúor até 6 horas, atingindo um platô nos tempos seguintes. Em acréscimo, os vernizes liberaram maiores quantidades de flúor quando imersos em solução desmineralizadora. De forma geral, os vernizes contendo TMPnano liberaram quantidades significativamente maiores de flúor em comparação ao TMPmicro. Os resultados da 1ª fase permitem concluir que a adição de TMP a vernizes fluoretados aumenta significativamente seu potencial remineralizador em lesões de cárie artificiais, com um efeito adicional com o uso de TMPnano em relação ao TMPmicro, embora este acréscimo não seja estatisticamente significativo. Quanto ao efeito contra desafios erosivos (2ª fase), um padrão semelhante foi observado, tendo o maior efeito protetor sido observado para os vernizes contendo TMPnano, o qual foi significativamente maior que os demais grupos. O maior efeito dos vernizes suplementados com TMP parece estar relacionado à maior liberação de flúor destes (3ª fase), especialmente TMPmicro, associada à liberação constante de TMP a partir destas formulações(AU)


The present study evaluated the effect of fluoride varnishes containing nanosized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on the remineralization of artificial caries lesions and erosion of dental enamel in vitro. As well as the pattern of F and TMP release from these formulations. The varnishes tested were: Placebo (without fluoride or TMP, negative control), 2.5% NaF, 5% NaF (positive control), 5% NaF + 5% TMP micrometric, 5% NaF + 2.5% nano-sized TMP, 5% NaF + 5% nano-sized TMP, besides a commercial formulation (Duraphat), hereafter referred to as PLA, 2.5%F, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2.5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano and Duraphat, respectively. In the first phase, artificial caries lesions were induced on bovine enamel blocks (n=168), which were selected by surface hardness (SH). Blocks received a single application of the aforementioned varnishes, remaining in contact for 6 h. Half of the blocks (n=12/group) were used to determine the concentration of CaF2 and FA fluoride formed on the specimens after the treatment with the varnishes. The other half was subjected to a pH cycling model (6 days). The blocks were analyzed for the percentage of SH recovery (%SHR), cross-sectional hardness (ΔKHN), CaF2 and FA retained after pH cycling. The varnishes containing TMP promoted significantly higher %SHR compared to 5%F, without significant differences among the TMP-containing varnishes. A similar pattern was observed for ΔKHN, although the values obtained for 5%F+5%TMPnano were 25% lower than those obtained for 5%F+5%TMPmicro. The highest CaF2 concentrations were promoted by 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro and Duraphat varnishes. The second phase evaluated the protective effect of PLA, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2.5%TMPnano and 5%F+5%TMPnano varnishes on initial erosion of bovine enamel. Specimens (n=8), selected by SH, received a single application of the varnishes, remaining in contact for 6 h. Varnishes were then removed and the blocks, submitted to four individual erosive challenges (1 minute, citric acid, 0.75%, pH = 3.5, under stirring) and analyzed by SH after each challenge. Overall, the highest percentage of SH change was observed for PLA, followed by 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro and both varnishes containing TMPnano, with no significant differences between 5%F+2.5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano. Finally, the third phase evaluated the pattern of fluoride and phosphate release from PLA, 2.5%F, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2.5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano and Duraphat varnishes over 24 h, in a pH cycling model. The varnishes were applied on polyester sheets (n=8/group), which were alternately immersed in remineralizing and demineralizing solutions at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 540, 600, 720 , 780, 960, 1200 and 1440 min after the first immersion. The solutions were analyzed for fluoride and phosphate concentrations. The varnishes containing TMP promoted an increasing, exponential pattern for the cumulative fluoride release up to 6 hours, reaching a plateau afterwards. In addition, higher quantities of fluoride were released when varnishes were immersed in the demineralizing solution. In general, varnishes containing TMPnano released significantly higher amount of fluoride compared to TMPmicro. The results of the 1st phase allow to conclude that the addition of TMP to fluoride varnishes significantly increases its remineralizing potential in artificial caries lesions, with an additional effect with the use of TMPnano in relation to TMPmicro, this increment was not statistically significant. As for the effect against erosive challenges (2nd phase), a similar pattern was observed, with the highest protective effect observed for both varnishes containing TMPnano, which was significantly higher than the other groups. The higher effect of varnishes supplemented with TMP seems to be related to the higher fluoride release from these products (3rd phase), especially TMPmicro, associated to the constant release of TMP from these formulations(AU)


Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Fluorides, Topical , Polyphosphates , Tooth Erosion , Dental Enamel , Nanoparticles
4.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2017. 134 p. graf, tab.
Thesis in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-880404

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo avaliou o efeito de vernizes fluoretados contendo trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) sobre a desmineralização, remineralização e desgaste erosivo do esmalte dentário, utilizando protocolos in vitro e in situ, bem como sobre o desenvolvimento de lesões de cárie em criançase adolescentese, m um protocolo longitudinal randomizadoe controlado. O estudo foi realizado em 6 fases distintas. As etapas 1 a 5 foram realizadas utilizando espécimes de esmalte dental bovino, sobre os quais os vernizes foram aplicados uma única vez, pennanecendo em contato durante 6 horas. Na 1ª etapa, foram testados vernizes contendo 5% NaF (controle positivo), 2,5% NaF contendo O, 3,5, 5,0 e 10,0% TMP, além de uma formulação sem F ou TMP (PLA, placebo), em um protocolo in vitro. Os espécimes foram submetidos a desafios erosivos (ERO -Sprite Zero®, 5 min, 4x/dia, 5 dias), associados ou não a abração por escovação (ERO+ABR). Na 2ª etapa, o efeito dos vernizes PLA, 5% NaF e 2,5% NaF (suplementado ou não com 5% TMP) sobre ERO e ERO+ABR foram analisados em um protocolo in situ, duplo-cego e cruzado. Voluntários (n=10) usaram dispositivos acrílicos palatinos contendo 4 blocos de esmalte. ERO foi produzida ex vivo (ácido cítrico, 5 min, 4x/dia, 5 dias), enquanto ERO+ABR foi produzida por escovação de 2 blocos (15 s, dentifrício sem F). Em ambas as etapas, os vernizes contendo TMP promoveram desgaste e perda em profundidade no esmalte (∆KHN) significativamente menores quando comparados aos demais vernizes, para ERO e ERO+ABR. Na 3ª e 4ª etapas, vernizes contendo 2.5% NaF e 5% NaF (suplementados ou não com 5% TMP), PLA, uma formulação comercial (Duraphat®, 5% NaF) e um verniz contendo 5% TMP, foram avaliados quanto a seu efeito remineralizador (lesões artificiais de cárie) e protetor (esmalte hígido), em modelos de ciclagem de pH (7 dias). Um efeito sinérgico foi observado entre F e TMP sobre a porcentagem de recuperação (3ª etapa) e sobre a porcentagem de perda (4ª etapa) de dureza de superfície, bem como sobre ∆KHN (3ª e 4ª etapas). Na 5ª etapa, o efeito remineralizador dos vernizes PLA, 5% NaF e 5% TMP foi avaliado em um protocolo in situ, duplo-cego e cruzado, confirmando os achados da 3ª etapa, em indivíduos utilizando dentifrício fluoretado. Por fim, na 6ª etapa, os vernizes PLA, 5% NaF e 5% NaF + 5% TMP foram avaliados em um estudo clínico randomizado e controlado, conduzido em crianças (n=390, 3-4 anos de idade) e adolescentes (n=570, 11-15 anos de idade) residentes em Boa Vista (RR), os quais receberam aplicações trimestrais dos vernizes e foram acompanhados durante 12 meses. O menos incremento nos índices ceo-s e CPO-S foram observados para o grupo tratado com o verniz 5% NaF + 5% TMP, seguido por 5% NaF e PLA. Concluiu-se que a adição de TMP a vernizes fluoretados é uma alternativa promissora na prevenção e tratamento de lesões de cárie, com potencial aplicação na redução do desgaste dental erosivo(AU)


The present study assessed the effect of fluoridated varnishes containing sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on the demineralization, remineralization and erosive wear of dental enamel, using in vitro and in situ protocols, as well as on the development of caries lesions in children and adolescents, in a randomized and controlled clinical protocol. The study was conducted in 6 different phases. Phases 1 to 5 were performed using bovine dental enamel specimens, over which the varnishes were applied only once, remaining in contact for 6 hours. In the first phase, varnishes containing 5% NaF (positive control), 2.5% NaF supplemented with O, 3.5, 5.0 and 10.0% TMP, and also a formulation without F or TMP (PLA, placebo) were tested in an in vitro protocol. The specimens were submitted to erosive challenges (ERO -Sprite Zero®, 5 min, 4x/ day, 5 days), followed or not by brushing (ERO+ABR). In the second phase, the effect of PLA, 5% NaF and 2.5% NaF varnishes (supplemented or not with 5% TMP) on ERO and ERO+ABR were analyzed in situ. Volunteers (n=10) used acrylic palatal devices containing 4 blocks of enamel. ERO was performed ex vivo (immersion in citric acid, 5 min, 4x/day, 5 days), while ERO+ABR was produced by brushing 2 of the blocks (15 s, F-free dentifrice). In both phases, the varnishes containing TMP promoted significantly lower wear and integrated hardness loss in depth (∆KHN) when compared to the other varnishes, both for ERO and ERO+ABR. In the 3rd and 4th phases, varnishes containing 2.5% NaF and 5% NaF, supplemented or not with 5% TMP, PLA, a commercial formulation (Duraphat®, 5% NaF) and a varnish containing 5% TMP were assessed regarding their remineralizing (artificial caries lesions) and protective (sound enamel) effects, using pH cycling models (7 days). A synergistic effect between F and TMP was observed on the percentage of surface hardness recovery (3rd phase), on the percentage of surface hardness loss (4th stage), as well as on ΔKHN (3rd and 4th stages). In the 5th stage, the remineralizing effect of PLA, 5% NaF and 5% NaF + 5% TMP varnishes was evaluated using a short-term (3 days) in situ protocol, confirming the findings of the 3rd phase, in individuals using fluoridated dentifrice. Finally, in the 6 th phase, PLA, 5% NaF and 5% NaF + 5% TMP varnishes were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial conducted in children (n = 390, 3-4 years of age) and adolescents (n = 570, 11-15 years of age) living in Boa Vista (northern region of Brazil), who received quarterly applications of the varnishes and were examined along a 12-month period. The lowest dmfs and DMFS increments were observed for the groups treated with 5% NaF + 5% TMP varnish, followed by 5% NaF and PLA. It was concluded that the addition of TMP to fluoride varnishes is a promising alternative in the prevention and treatment of caries lesions, with potential application in the reduction of erosive dental wear(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Dental Caries , Fluorides, Topical , Polyphosphates , Tooth Erosion , Dental Enamel
5.
J. appl. oral sci ; 23(5): 486-490, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-764153

ABSTRACT

Objective This in vitro study assessed the anti-erosive effect of experimental mouthrinses containing TiF4 and NaF on dentin erosive loss.Material and Methods Bovine dentin specimens were randomly allocated into the groups (n=15): 1) SnCl2/NaF/AmF (Erosion Protection®/GABA, pH 4.5, positive control); 2) experimental solution with 0.0815% TiF4(pH 2.5); 3) 0.105% NaF (pH 4.5); 4) 0.042% NaF+0.049% TiF4 (pH 4.4); 5) 0.063% NaF+0.036% TiF4 (pH 4.5); 6) no treatment (negative control). Each specimen was cyclically demineralized (Sprite Zero, pH 2.6, 4x90 s/day) and exposed to artificial saliva between the erosive challenges for 7 days. The treatment with the fluoride solutions was done 2x60 s/day, immediately after the first and the last erosive challenges of the day. Dentin erosive loss was measured by profilometry (μm). The data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis/Dunn tests (p<0.05).Results Mouthrinses containing TiF4or Sn/F were able to show some protective effect against dentin erosive loss compared to negative control. The best anti-erosive effect was found for experimental solution containing 0.0815% TiF4 (100% reduction in dentin loss), followed by 0.042% NaF+0.049% TiF4 (58.3%), SnCl2/NaF/AmF (52%) and 0.063% NaF+0.036% TiF4 (40%). NaF solution (13.3%) did not significantly differ from control.Conclusion The daily application of experimental mouthrinse containing TiF4and NaF has the ability to reduce dentin erosion, as well as Erosion Protection® and TiF4 alone.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cariostatic Agents/chemistry , Dentin/drug effects , Fluorides/chemistry , Mouthwashes/chemistry , Sodium Fluoride/chemistry , Titanium/chemistry , Tooth Erosion/prevention & control , Carbonated Beverages , Fluorides, Topical/chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Surface Properties , Time Factors
6.
Bauru; s.n; 2015. 182 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-867339

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve como o objetivo avaliar in vitro o efeito do tratamento com vernizes de tetrafluoreto de titânio (TiF4) e fluoreto de sódio (NaF) (ambos com 0,95%, 1,95% e 2,45% F) sobre 1) a quantidade de F- liberada em água deionizada e saliva artificial, por período de 12h; 2) os tipos de compostos formados pela interação com a hidroxiapatita (neste caso, com soluções ao invés dos vernizes); 3) a porcentagem de elementos presentes na superfície do esmalte bovino e humano, hígidos (H) e desmineralizados (DES); 4) a quantidade de CaF2 sobre a superfície do esmalte bovino e humano, H e DES. Adicionalmente, 5) o efeito dos vernizes de TiF4 e NaF sobre a remineralização do esmalte bovino, em diferentes condições in situ, foi avaliado. Para etapa 1, a liberação de F- foi quantificada por eletrodo de íon específico. Na etapa 2, pó de HAP produzido por precipitação foi tratado com soluções fluoretadas. Os compostos formados foram avaliados por espectroscopia de infravermelho e difração de raios-X. Nas etapas 3 e 4, as superfícies tratadas com os vernizes foram analisadas por MEV- EDAX e por biópsias básicas, respectivamente. Vinte voluntários (n final=17) participaram do ensaio in situ com 3 fases cruzadas, os quais utilizaram aparelhos palatinos contendo amostras de esmalte bovino desmineralizadas tratadas com vernizes de TiF4, NaF ou placebo. As amostras foram submetidas a diferentes condições de des-remineralização (presença ou não de tela plástica; variação da frequência de aplicação de sacarose 20%) e à exposição ao dentifrício fluoretado. O volume mineral e profundidade da lesão foram avaliados por microradiografia transversal (TMR). 1) Os vernizes de TiF4 (1,95 e 2,45% F) liberaram mais fluoreto comparados aos vernizes de NaF tanto em água como em saliva artificial, sendo a diferença significativa nas primeiras 6h de contato (p<0,0001). 2) O TiF4 causou alteração na estrutura da HAP e induziu à formação de novos compostos como TiO2 e Ti (HPO4)2. 3)...


This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) and sodium fluoride (NaF) varnishes (both with 0.95%, 1.95%, 2.45% F) treatment on the 1) F- release in deionized water and artificial saliva for 12h period; 2) types of compounds formed by the interaction with hydroxyapatite (in this case, solutions were tested instead of varnishes); 3) percentage of the elements on bovine and human, sound (S) and demineralized (DE), enamel surface; 4) F- uptake (CaF2 deposition) on human and bovine, S and DE, enamel surface. Additionally, 5) the effect of TiF4 and NaF varnishes on bovine enamel remineralization, in different in situ conditions, was assessed. In study 1, the F- release was measured by ion specific electrode. In study 2, HAP powder, produced by precipitation, was treated with fluoride solutions. The compounds formed were evaluated by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. In studies 3 and 4, the surfaces treated with the varnishes were analyzed by SEM-EDAX and basic biopsies, respectively. Twenty volunteers (final n=17) participated of the in situ study with 3 crossover phases, in which they wore palatal appliances containing bovine demineralized enamel samples treated with TiF4, NaF or placebo varnishes. The samples were subjected to different de-remineralization conditions (presence or absence of plastic mesh and variation in frequency of application of 20% sucrose) and exposure to fluoride dentifrice. Themineral content and lesion depth were evaluated by transverse microradiography (TMR). 1) The TiF4 varnishes (1.95 and 2.45% F) released more F- compared to NaF varnishes in both water and artificial saliva, and significant difference was found in the first 6h (p<0.0001). 2) The TiF4 caused change in the HAP structure and induced the formation of new compounds such as TiO2 and Ti (HPO4)2. 3) The TiF4 varnishes induced the formation of a coating layer rich in Ti and F, with microcracks in its extension, on the enamel...


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Cattle , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Tooth Demineralization/prevention & control , Dental Enamel , Fluorides, Topical/chemistry , Hydroxyapatites/chemistry , Titanium/chemistry , Cariostatic Agents/chemistry , Sodium Fluoride/chemistry , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Reproducibility of Results , Saliva, Artificial/chemistry
7.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2015. 74 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-867443

ABSTRACT

É na infância que os dentes, em geral, são mais vulneráveis, estando mais susceptíveis a contrair cárie dentária, especialmente no período de irrupção, momento em que o elemento dental se encontra em infra oclusão, o que favorece o acúmulo de placa e dificulta sua adequada higienização. Soma-se ainda a pouca habilidade da criança em executar as manobras de uma adequada escovação dentária. O primeiro molar permanente em irrupção, além destes fatores de susceptibilidade citados, é por excelência um nicho de colonização de microrganismo pela sua anatomia oclusal, fato que torna este período de alto risco para o surgimento de novas lesões de cárie dentária. Portanto, partindo da premissa que molares permanente em fase de irrupção, de criança com experiência de cárie dentária, são mais susceptíveis a adquirir a doença, o objetivo desse trabalho foi comparar três métodos preventivos da ocorrência de lesão cariosa neste dente. Participaram do estudo 242 crianças (968 molares), de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de 6 a 8 anos, com experiência de cárie dentária, apresentando os quatros primeiros molares permanentes hígidos em fase de irrupção. As crianças foram divididas aleatoriamente em três grupos: grupo com 81 crianças, cujo os 324 molares receberam aplicação única de selante de fossas e fissuras à base de ionômero de vidro (SIV), grupo com 83 crianças (332 molares), com aplicação de verniz fluoretado (VF) em 3 sessões (0, 6 e 12 meses) e grupo com 78 crianças, 312 molares que receberam profilaxia profissional (PP) em 6 sessões (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 meses). A avaliação clínica pós-operatória foi realizada após 6, 12 e 18 meses, para os pacientes dos três grupos. Quanto ao efeito preventivo o SIV, o VF e a PP apresentaram resultados diferentes, aos 6 meses (99,5%, 96% e 98%), aos 12 meses (99,5%, 96% e 96%) e aos 18 meses (99%, 99,5% e 95%), respectivamente. A lesão cariosa ocorreu em 1, 11 e 5 molares (0,5%, 4% e 2% ) aos 6 meses; 1, 8 e 10 molares...


It is in childhood that the teeth in general, are more vulnerable, are more susceptible to getting tooth decay, especially in the outbreak period, hampering their proper hygiene. Also, it is added to the little child’s ability to perform the maneuvers of proper tooth brushing. The first permanent molar eruption, in addition to cited susceptibility factors, is par excellence a microorganism colonization niche because of its occlusal anatomy, a fact that makes of this period highly risky for the emergence of new lesions of dental caries. Therefore, based on the premise that children with caries experience in the permanent molar eruption phase are more likely to acquire the disease, the goal of this study was to compare three preventive methods of occurrence of carious lesions in the tooth. The study included 242 children (968 molars), of both genders, aged 6-8 years, with caries experience, with the four first permanent molars at the erupting phase. The children were randomly divided into three groups: a group of 81 children, whose 324 molar received a single application of pit and fissure sealant made on the basis of glass ionomer (GIS), a group of 83 children (332 molars), with coating application of fluoride varnish (FV) in 3 sessions (0, 6 and 12 months) and a group of 78 children (312 molars) who received professional prophylaxis (PP) in 6 sessions (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months). Patients were clinically evaluated after 6, 12 and 18 months, patients in the three groups. As for the preventive effect the GIS, FV and PP showed different results at 6 months (99.5%, 96% and 98%), at 12 months (99.5%, 96% and 96%) and at 18 months (99%, 99.5% and 95%), respectively. The carious lesion occurred in 1, 11 and 5 molars (0.5%, 4% and 2%) at 6 months; 1, 8 and 10 molars (0.5%, 4% and 4%) at 12 months; 3, 9 and 1 (1%, 0.5%, 5%) at 18 months for the groups GIS, FV and PP, respectively. It was concluded that in children with caries experience the best results for their...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Dental Caries , Dentition, Permanent , Fluorides, Topical , Molar , Pit and Fissure Sealants
8.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2015. 74 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-870065

ABSTRACT

É na infância que os dentes, em geral, são mais vulneráveis, estando mais susceptíveis a contrair cárie dentária, especialmente no período de irrupção, momento em que o elemento dental se encontra em infra oclusão, o que favorece o acúmulo de placa e dificulta sua adequada higienização. Soma-se ainda a pouca habilidade da criança em executar as manobras de uma adequada escovação dentária. O primeiro molar permanente em irrupção, além destes fatores de susceptibilidade citados, é por excelência um nicho de colonização de microrganismo pela sua anatomia oclusal, fato que torna este período de alto risco para o surgimento de novas lesões de cárie dentária. Portanto, partindo da premissa que molares permanente em fase de irrupção, de criança com experiência de cárie dentária, são mais susceptíveis a adquirir a doença, o objetivo desse trabalho foi comparar três métodos preventivos da ocorrência de lesão cariosa neste dente. Participaram do estudo 242 crianças (968 molares), de ambos os gêneros, na faixa etária de 6 a 8 anos, com experiência de cárie dentária, apresentando os quatros primeiros molares permanentes hígidos em fase de irrupção. As crianças foram divididas aleatoriamente em três grupos: grupo com 81 crianças, cujo os 324 molares receberam aplicação única de selante de fossas e fissuras à base de ionômero de vidro (SIV), grupo com 83 crianças (332 molares), com aplicação de verniz fluoretado (VF) em 3 sessões (0, 6 e 12 meses) e grupo com 78 crianças, 312 molares que receberam profilaxia profissional (PP) em 6 sessões (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 meses). A avaliação clínica pós-operatória foi realizada após 6, 12 e 18 meses, para os pacientes dos três grupos. Quanto ao efeito preventivo o SIV, o VF e a PP apresentaram resultados diferentes, aos 6 meses (99,5%, 96% e 98%), aos 12 meses (99,5%, 96% e 96%) e aos 18 meses (99%, 99,5% e 95%), respectivamente. A lesão cariosa ocorreu em 1, 11 e 5 molares (0,5%, 4% e 2% ) aos 6 meses; 1, 8 e 10 molares...


It is in childhood that the teeth in general, are more vulnerable, are more susceptible to getting tooth decay, especially in the outbreak period, hampering their proper hygiene. Also, it is added to the little child’s ability to perform the maneuvers of proper tooth brushing. The first permanent molar eruption, in addition to cited susceptibility factors, is par excellence a microorganism colonization niche because of its occlusal anatomy, a fact that makes of this period highly risky for the emergence of new lesions of dental caries. Therefore, based on the premise that children with caries experience in the permanent molar eruption phase are more likely to acquire the disease, the goal of this study was to compare three preventive methods of occurrence of carious lesions in the tooth. The study included 242 children (968 molars), of both genders, aged 6-8 years, with caries experience, with the four first permanent molars at the erupting phase. The children were randomly divided into three groups: a group of 81 children, whose 324 molar received a single application of pit and fissure sealant made on the basis of glass ionomer (GIS), a group of 83 children (332 molars), with coating application of fluoride varnish (FV) in 3 sessions (0, 6 and 12 months) and a group of 78 children (312 molars) who received professional prophylaxis (PP) in 6 sessions (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 months). Patients were clinically evaluated after 6, 12 and 18 months, patients in the three groups. As for the preventive effect the GIS, FV and PP showed different results at 6 months (99.5%, 96% and 98%), at 12 months (99.5%, 96% and 96%) and at 18 months (99%, 99.5% and 95%), respectively. The carious lesion occurred in 1, 11 and 5 molars (0.5%, 4% and 2%) at 6 months; 1, 8 and 10 molars (0.5%, 4% and 4%) at 12 months; 3, 9 and 1 (1%, 0.5%, 5%) at 18 months for the groups GIS, FV and PP, respectively. It was concluded that in children with caries experience the best results for their...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Cariostatic Agents/therapeutic use , Fluorides, Topical/therapeutic use , Dental Prophylaxis/methods , Pit and Fissure Sealants/therapeutic use , Glass Ionomer Cements/therapeutic use , Molar
9.
Bauru; s.n; 2015. 182 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-773791

ABSTRACT

Este estudo teve como o objetivo avaliar in vitro o efeito do tratamento com vernizes de tetrafluoreto de titânio (TiF4) e fluoreto de sódio (NaF) (ambos com 0,95%, 1,95% e 2,45% F) sobre 1) a quantidade de F- liberada em água deionizada e saliva artificial, por período de 12h; 2) os tipos de compostos formados pela interação com a hidroxiapatita (neste caso, com soluções ao invés dos vernizes); 3) a porcentagem de elementos presentes na superfície do esmalte bovino e humano, hígidos (H) e desmineralizados (DES); 4) a quantidade de CaF2 sobre a superfície do esmalte bovino e humano, H e DES. Adicionalmente, 5) o efeito dos vernizes de TiF4 e NaF sobre a remineralização do esmalte bovino, em diferentes condições in situ, foi avaliado. Para etapa 1, a liberação de F- foi quantificada por eletrodo de íon específico. Na etapa 2, pó de HAP produzido por precipitação foi tratado com soluções fluoretadas. Os compostos formados foram avaliados por espectroscopia de infravermelho e difração de raios-X. Nas etapas 3 e 4, as superfícies tratadas com os vernizes foram analisadas por MEV- EDAX e por biópsias básicas, respectivamente. Vinte voluntários (n final=17) participaram do ensaio in situ com 3 fases cruzadas, os quais utilizaram aparelhos palatinos contendo amostras de esmalte bovino desmineralizadas tratadas com vernizes de TiF4, NaF ou placebo. As amostras foram submetidas a diferentes condições de des-remineralização (presença ou não de tela plástica; variação da frequência de aplicação de sacarose 20%) e à exposição ao dentifrício fluoretado. O volume mineral e profundidade da lesão foram avaliados por microradiografia transversal (TMR). 1) Os vernizes de TiF4 (1,95 e 2,45% F) liberaram mais fluoreto comparados aos vernizes de NaF tanto em água como em saliva artificial, sendo a diferença significativa nas primeiras 6h de contato (p<0,0001). 2) O TiF4 causou alteração na estrutura da HAP e induziu à formação de novos compostos como TiO2 e Ti (HPO4)2. 3)...


This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) and sodium fluoride (NaF) varnishes (both with 0.95%, 1.95%, 2.45% F) treatment on the 1) F- release in deionized water and artificial saliva for 12h period; 2) types of compounds formed by the interaction with hydroxyapatite (in this case, solutions were tested instead of varnishes); 3) percentage of the elements on bovine and human, sound (S) and demineralized (DE), enamel surface; 4) F- uptake (CaF2 deposition) on human and bovine, S and DE, enamel surface. Additionally, 5) the effect of TiF4 and NaF varnishes on bovine enamel remineralization, in different in situ conditions, was assessed. In study 1, the F- release was measured by ion specific electrode. In study 2, HAP powder, produced by precipitation, was treated with fluoride solutions. The compounds formed were evaluated by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. In studies 3 and 4, the surfaces treated with the varnishes were analyzed by SEM-EDAX and basic biopsies, respectively. Twenty volunteers (final n=17) participated of the in situ study with 3 crossover phases, in which they wore palatal appliances containing bovine demineralized enamel samples treated with TiF4, NaF or placebo varnishes. The samples were subjected to different de-remineralization conditions (presence or absence of plastic mesh and variation in frequency of application of 20% sucrose) and exposure to fluoride dentifrice. Themineral content and lesion depth were evaluated by transverse microradiography (TMR). 1) The TiF4 varnishes (1.95 and 2.45% F) released more F- compared to NaF varnishes in both water and artificial saliva, and significant difference was found in the first 6h (p<0.0001). 2) The TiF4 caused change in the HAP structure and induced the formation of new compounds such as TiO2 and Ti (HPO4)2. 3) The TiF4 varnishes induced the formation of a coating layer rich in Ti and F, with microcracks in its extension, on the enamel...


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Cattle , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Tooth Demineralization/prevention & control , Dental Enamel , Fluorides, Topical/chemistry , Hydroxyapatites/chemistry , Titanium/chemistry , Cariostatic Agents/chemistry , Sodium Fluoride/chemistry , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Reproducibility of Results , Saliva, Artificial/chemistry
10.
Braz. dent. j ; 25(2): 160-164, Mar-Apr/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-719213

ABSTRACT

There is no consensus about the clinical recommendation of the time that Duraphat® varnish should be maintained on enamel surfaces without suffering mechanical disturbance by the patient. Considering the importance of calcium fluoride (CaF2)-like reservoirs on the anticaries effect of professional fluoride application, an in vitro study was designed to test the reactivity of Duraphat® varnish with enamel forming these reservoirs as a function of time. Since most fluoride in Duraphat® varnish is insoluble to react and form products on enamel, the relative contribution of the varnish soluble and insoluble fluoride fractions to the reactivity was also evaluated. For this, whole-varnish, containing soluble and insoluble fluoride (total fluoride concentration of 23699±384 µg F/g), or centrifuged varnish, containing only soluble fluoride (fluoride concentration of 258±97 µg F/g), were applied in a standardized manner on enamel slabs (n=8/varnish group/time), which were immersed in continuously renewed artificial saliva for up to 36 h. CaF2-like reservoirs formed on enamel by varnish application were extracted using 1 M KOH and fluoride concentration was measured with ion specific electrode. The results were expressed as µg F/cm2 of enamel area. Whole varnish formed significantly higher fluoride concentration on enamel than centrifuged varnish, reaching maximum concentration at 24 h (22.0±4.5 µg F/cm2). Centrifuged varnish reached maximum concentration at 6 h (3.20±0.81 µg F/cm2). In conclusion, a longer varnish retention time than the usually recommended could improve the anticaries effect of Duraphat® varnish, allowing that NaF particles, initially insoluble in the varnish matrix, prolong the reactivity with enamel.


Não há consenso sobre a recomendação clínica do tempo que o verniz Duraphat® deve ser mantido nas superfícies de esmalte sem ter perturbação mecânica pelo paciente. Considerando a importância dos reservatórios tipo fluoreto de cálcio (“CaF2”) no efeito anticárie da aplicação profissional de fluoreto, um estudo in vitro foi delineado para testar a reatividade do verniz Duraphat® com o esmalte na formação desses reservatórios em função do tempo. Como a maioria do fluoreto no verniz Duraphat® é insolúvel para reagir e formar produtos no esmalte, também se avaliou a contribuição relativa das frações solúvel e insolúvel do verniz na reatividade. Assim, verniz total, contendo fluoreto solúvel e insolúvel (concentração total de 23699±384 µg F/g), ou verniz centrifugado, contendo somente o fluoreto solúvel (concentração de 258±97 µg F/g), foram aplicados de maneira padronizada sobre blocos de esmalte (n =8/grupo de verniz/tempo), os quais foram imersos em saliva artificial com renovação continua por até 36 h. Os reservatórios tipo “CaF2” formados no esmalte pela aplicação do verniz foram extraídos com KOH 1 M e a concentração de F foi medida utilizando um eletrodo específico. Os resultados foram expressos como µg F/cm2. O verniz total formou significativamente maior concentração de fluoreto no esmalte que o verniz centrifugado, atingindo concentrações máximas após 24 h (22,0±4,5 µg F/cm2 de área de esmalte). O verniz centrifugado apresentou a máxima formação após 6 h (3,20 ± 0,81 µg F/cm2). Em conclusão, um tempo maior de retenção do que habitualmente recomendado poderia melhorar o efeito anticárie do verniz Duraphat®, pois partículas de NaF, inicialmente insolúveis na matriz do mesmo, possibilitam uma reatividade prolongada do verniz com o esmalte em função do tempo.


Subject(s)
Paint , Sodium Fluoride/chemistry , Solubility , Surface Properties
11.
J. appl. oral sci ; 21(6): 597-600, Nov-Dec/2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-697812

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica) experimental gel for the prevention of erosive wear on bovine dentin, in vitro. Material and Methods: One hundred dentin blocks were allocated into 5 experimental groups (20 samples each): C (control group, without gel); CG (control group, only base gel); F (fluoride gel, 1.23% NaF; pH 4.1, Dentsply; Brazil); N (Neem gel, 10% neem extract; pH 4.1, manipulation); NF (Neem+fluoride gel, 10% Neem extract and 1.23% NaF; pH 4.1, manipulation). The blocks were stored in artificial saliva for 24 hours. After this, they were submitted to six alternating re- and demineralization cycles. The blocks were analyzed for wear (profilometry). The results were submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey tests (P<0.05). Results: The mean wear (±SD, µm) was shown as follows in groups: C (13.09±0.99), CG (10.60±1.99), F (10.90±1.44), N (12.68±1.13) and NF (10.84±1.65). All gels showed some preventive action when compared with control group. However, significant differences were found only between Neem+fluoride gel and fluoride gel. Conclusion: A single application of a neem-containing fluoride gel reduced dentin erosion, thus it is a possible alternative in reducing dental wear. Further research should investigate the action mechanism and the synergism between them. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Azadirachta/chemistry , Dentin/drug effects , Fluorides, Topical/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Tooth Erosion/prevention & control , Dental Enamel/drug effects , Fluorides, Topical/pharmacology , Gels , Hardness , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Reproducibility of Results , Saliva, Artificial/chemistry , Surface Properties , Time Factors , Tooth Demineralization , Tooth Remineralization
12.
RSBO (Impr.) ; 8(3): 294-298, Jul.-Sep. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-720317

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Fluoride plays an important role in oral health promotion and is considered important in dental caries prevention both in children and adults. Fluoride is widely used at high-risk conditions of caries, when the use of fluoride-containing mouthwashes is recommended, considering that fluoride itself reduces the risk of dental caries. Objective: To evaluate the fluoride concentration in solutions prepared at different dispensing pharmacies in the city of Curitiba - PR, Brazil. Material and methods: The analysis of fluoride concentration was preformed through Ion Chromatography method (DIONEX). Results: The results obtained through this analysis showed that all solutions presented fluoride concentration above that required in the dentist's prescription, varying between 5.48% and 24.02% more fluoride, at absolute concentration. Conclusion: This finding highlights the increasing risk of fluoride acute intoxication in cases of accidental ingestion of the solution.

13.
J. appl. oral sci ; 17(4): 280-283, July/Aug. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-521701

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The time of contact between the product and enamel surface is important in ensuring the efficacy of fluoride varnishes. Thus, some alternatives could avoid fluoride loss to saliva and improve the anticariogenic action of the product. This study evaluated the effect of an experimental coat on the anticariogenic action of fluoride varnishes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Enamel bovine blocks were selected by evaluating surface microhardness and randomized into five groups (n=24): placebo, DuraphatTM, DuraphatTM with coat, DuofluoridTM and DuofluoridTM with coat. Twelve blocks from each group were used to analyze calcium fluoride (CaF2) formed on enamel after treatment. The other 12 blocks were subjected to pH cycling for 7 days. The varnishes were kept on enamel for 6 h. Next, the percentage change of surface microhardness ( percentSMHC) and mineral loss (ÄZ) were calculated. CaF2 retained and fluoride present in the pH-cycled solutions were also measured. RESULTS: The use of the coat did not decrease percentSMHC and ÄZ, but all fluoride varnishes had better results when compared to the placebo (ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis, respectively). The values from CaF2 formed were higher compared to the values of CaF2 retained (non-paired t test, p<0.05). There was a trend to decrease the amount of F in the solutions at the end of pH cycling (Kruskal-Wallis, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although the experimental coat increased the formation of CaF2 on the enamel surface, it did not significantly improve the anticariogenic action of fluoride varnishes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Fluorides, Topical , In Vitro Techniques , Dental Enamel , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Materials Testing
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